Lining border



April 15, 1930. M. c. SHERMAN ET AL LINI NG BORDER Filed Feb. 25.' 3.926

MENT OFFICE llllflllltl SHERMAN AND LEIGH P. HOFF, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGN- ORS T FRANK H. DUNBAR, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO LINING- BORDER Application filed. February rll `he invention relates to refractory linings, such as are used in boiler furnaces, and more particularly 'to the construction of the parts of said linings at and around openings 'il Hoppers of prior types, particularly when exposed to the high temperatures incident to.

the use of finely divided fuels, presented many difficulties and disadvantages as, for instance, molten slag would accumulate and "0 harden on the door closing the ash discharge opening, rendering the opening of the door ditticult and sometimes impossible. The adapter frames would crack under the high l temperatures and would become burned and J frequireexpensive repairs and replacements both to themselves and to the lining.

lt is an object of the present invention to overcome difficulties experienced in prior types of ash hoppers. 0 @ther objectspwill hereinafter appear.

The invention contemplates a border for openings through Walls lined with refractory material which may be maintained at a lower temperature than the lining. This prolongs the useful life of the lining border and provides a cooling zone about the opening. Upon this zone molten slag running down the wall will be congealed. and thus prevented from reaching the closure covering the opening.

One practical embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l is a pers ective view of an ash hopper with parts bro ren away, and

Figure 2 is a fragmentary sectional per spective-similar to part of Figure 1 but showing a modiiied form of hopper wall.

The hopper shown in Figure l comprises downwardly converging walls which ternusuch as those through which the solid residues 25, .1926. Serial No. 90,471.

nateabout the ash discharge opening. The walls are lined with a refractory material such as iirebrick l, the lining being supported upon a metallic frame work indicated generally at 2. The ash discharge opening is surrounded by a gate-frame 3 and the open- -ing of this frame is closed by a door or gate 4 which carried by rollers supported by the bearings 5 mounted on beams 6.

The parts thus far described may be of any well knownor desired construction.

Surrounding the ash discharge opening is a lining border' 7, which consists of a plurality of separate blocks 8 of cast iron or any desired material. These blocks are supported upon the gate-frame 3 and the metal frame- Work'indicated generally at 2. The blocks each consist of a straight intermediate portion 9 normal to the surface of the hopper wall and which serves as an abutment to support the` refractory lining. At the lower end of this wall is another Wall 10 substantially perpendicular thereto and arranged to underlie the hopper lining as shown and at the other end is another substantially perpendicular wall ll oppositely disposed and down- Y wardly curved at its end to terminate in a bifurcated edge 12 which embraces a flange on the frame 3. The frame maybe provided with apertures 13 to facilitate the circulation of air to theinterior of the blocks.

It will be seen that the hollow of the block isI exposed to t-he outside air, and that the walls are relatively thin. This permits the circulation of the air around the outside of the block to maintain the same at a much lower temperature than the lining of the hopper. The block therefore lasts much longer than would be the case if it were raised to the extreme temperatures produced within the hopper. Moreover, molten slag running down the hopper walls is chilled when it reaches thev block border and is solidified before reaching the hopper door, thus preventing accumulations of slag hardening upon the door-Which would interfere with its operation. Due to the sectional construction of the border, the blocks may be readily replaced, if they become damaged in use, without necessitating the removal of more of the lining than that overlying the upwardly extending anges of the blocks to be relaced. The removal and replacement of the Blocks is also greatly facilitated as t-hese blocks simply rest upon the frame 3 and the lower part of supporting framework 2, as clearly indicated in the drawings, so that when the refractory lining overlying flange 10 of the block has been removed, the block need only be lifted out of place and another block may be`readily set in place. Due to the low temperature maintained in the lining border and the fact that the same is sectional, the

destructive strains set up in integrally cast' linings, as used in rior hoppers, are avoided and cracking of tiie lining border is elirninated.

The stresses as produced in the lining border are also much smaller on account of the relative thinness of the blocks which prevents any great inequality of temperature therein.

The hollows under the blocks may be associated with any Ventilating or cooling system used on the exterior of the hopper to roduce a continuous current of cooling uid therethrough, and thus further reduce the operating temperature of the blocks.

In Figure 2 a Ventilating or cooling system is illustrated as comprising passages formed by framework 2 and an outer plating or sheathinflr 14 carried thereby, the heated air within the passages thus formed rising and inducing the cooling draught. Air may en- Il ter the cooling passages through the space between the lower end of plating 14 and the top flange of beam 6 or through a ertures 13 in the gate frame. This air, o course, passes in contact with theblocks and maintains them at a low temperature.

Wnile I have particularly described one embodiment of my invention, it will be obvious that the form of lining border ma be materially changed, without departing rom the spirit of the inventon, and also the lining border embodying my inventon may be used for other openings than those of ash hoprs, being,r useful for any wall exposed to intense heat and I, therefore, do not limit myself to the precise embodiment shown but claim as my inventon all variations, modifications thereof coming within the scope of the said subjoined claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A furnace bottom having a refractory lining and provided with an opening therethrough, and recessed metal blocks engaging the lining and surrounding the opening, the

recess opening outwardly of the furnace bottom.

2. A furnace bottom having'a refractory lining and provided with an opening therethrough, and n border for the lining surrounding the opening and consisting of a' plurality of metal blocks. each having a recess open to the outside air and the ends of the recesses of each section communicating with the recesses of adjacent sections.

3. A furnace bottom comprising a supporting framework including a gate-frame, a refractory lining carried by the supporting framework, and a metallic border carried by the framework and resting upon the gateframe, the lining border consisting of a plurality of separate metal blocks.

4. A furnace bottom having a refractory lining and provided with an opening therethrough, a border for the lining surrounding the opening comprising a plurality of blocks, each having a recess open to the outside of the furnace bottom and communicatin with the recesses in adjoining blocks, and a ange engaging with the refractory lining.

5. A furnace bottom having a refractory lining and provided with an opening therethrough, and a border for the lining surrounding the opening and consisting of a plurality of substantially Z-shaped lilocks, one wall portion of which supports the refractory lining and another wall portion of which is open to the outside of the furnace.

6. A furnace bottom having a refractory lining and provided with an opening, a metal framework including a gate-frame defining the opening, and a border for said refractory lining surrounding said opening and supported by said gate-frame, the border consisting of a plurality of cast-iron blocks each provided with a Ventilating passage on its exterior.

7. A furnace bottom comprising a supporting frame and a refractory lining, the frame being provided with passages through which a cooling current of air is conducted, the refractory lining being provided with a border com osed of a pluralit of separate metal bloclis having recesses or cooling air in its exterior surface, the ends of the said passages opening into said recesses whereby currents induced in the passages cause cooling currents in said recesses.

8. A furnace bottom having a refractory lining and provided with an opening, a metallic framework including a gate frame surrounding the opening, a border for the lining supported by the gate-frame and composed of a plurality of separate blocks, each block being substantiall Z shaped in cross-section and one flange o the Z lying between the gate-frame and the refractory lining and constituting a support therefor.

In testimony w ereof we hereunto afiix our signatures.

MAX C. SHERMAN. LEIGH P. HOFF.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

` Patent No. 1,154, 775. Granted Abril 1s, 1930, to

MAX C. SHERMAN ET AL.

It is hereby certified that the above numbered patent was erroneously issued to "Frank H. Dunbar, of Cleveland, Ohio", whereas said patent should have been issued to "The Allen- Shennan-Holf Company, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, a Corporation of Pennsylvania, said corporation being assignee by mesne assignments of the entire interest in said invention; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 24th day of June, A. D. 1930.

M. J. Moore, (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

